Honua - Premier TDI: ʻO ka Poloka Hale Koʻikoʻi i ka ʻOihana Polyurethane

Nā Waiwai Kino a me nā Kemika

ʻAno a me ke ʻala: ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike ʻo TDI ma ke ʻano he wai moakaka ʻole a melemele iki paha, hiki ke ʻā. Hoʻopuka ia i kahi ʻala ʻawaʻawa, ikaika, a hoʻonāukiuki ʻokoʻa, kahi e lawelawe ai ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona sensory koʻikoʻi o kona alo.
Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka hana hou ʻana: Hiki ke hoʻohuihui maʻalahi ʻia me nā ʻano mea hoʻoheheʻe organik like ʻole e like me ka ethanol (me ka decomposition), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethyl ether, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, chlorobenzene, kerosene, a me ka ʻaila ʻoliva. ʻO kekahi o kona mau ʻano kemika ʻano nui loa ʻo ia kona reactivity me ka wai, kahi hopena e hoʻopuka ai i ke kinoea carbon dioxide. Eia kekahi, hiki iā TDI ke pane koke me nā hui i loaʻa nā ʻātoma hydrogen ikaika, kahi waiwai i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana he nui.
Nā Kūlana Kino Koʻikoʻi: ʻO ka pae hoʻolapalapa o TDI ma kahi o 247 ℃, ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka mahana e hoʻololi ai mai kahi wai i kahi ʻano kinoea ma lalo o ke kaomi lewa maʻamau. ʻO kona pae hoʻoheheʻe mai 19.5 a 21.5 ℃, e hōʻike ana i ka mahana ma lalo o ka paʻa ʻana. ʻO ka pae lapalapa o TDI he 127 ℃, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kēia mahana, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā mahu lapalapa i ke alo o kahi kumu hoʻā. Me ka nui o 1.217, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona kaumaha ma mua o ka wai, nona nā hopena no kona lawelawe ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻano ʻoihana a me ke kaiapuni.

Nā Wahi Hoʻohana

Hana ʻana i ka Polyurethane Foam: ʻO TDI ke kihi i ka hana ʻana i nā huʻa polyurethane, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana he nui. Ma ka ʻāpana lako, ʻo nā huʻa polyurethane palupalu i hana ʻia me TDI ka mea i koho ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā uluna ʻoluʻolu a kākoʻo i nā sofas, nā noho lima, a me nā moena. Ma ka ʻoihana kaʻa, hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau huʻa i nā noho kaʻa, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka palekana ma o ka omo ʻana i nā haʻalulu i ka wā e hoʻokele ana. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia nā huʻa polyurethane i hoʻokumu ʻia me TDI i nā noi insulation, e like me nā pahu hau a me nā mea insulation hale, ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai insulation thermal maikaʻi loa.
Nā Uhi a me nā Mea Hoʻopili: He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko TDI i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā uhi hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻopili. I loko o ka ʻoihana uhi, hoʻohana ʻia nā polyurethanes i hoʻokumu ʻia ma TDI e hana i nā uhi paʻa, kūpaʻa i ke kahakaha, a kūpaʻa i nā kemika no nā ʻano substrates like ʻole, me nā metala, nā plastics, a me ka lāʻau. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau uhi i nā hoʻopau kaʻa, nā uhi papahele, a me nā uhi lako ʻoihana. I loko o ka mākeke hoʻopili, mahalo ʻia nā mea hoʻopili i loaʻa iā TDI no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻopili ikaika. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ka ʻākoakoa ʻana o nā lako, ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ʻāpana kaʻa, a ma ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale no ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hale like ʻole.
Hana ʻana o Elastomer: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo TDI e hana i nā elastomers polyurethane, kahi e hoʻohui ai i nā waiwai o ka rubber a me ka plastic. Loaʻa i kēia mau elastomers nā noi ma nā wahi he nui, e like me ka hana ʻana o nā kapuaʻi kāmaʻa, kahi e hāʻawi ai lākou i ka maʻalahi maikaʻi loa, ka lōʻihi, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka haʻalulu. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi lākou i ka hana ʻana i nā sila ʻoihana a me nā gaskets, kahi e kūpono ai lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi ʻino.

Nā ʻAno Hoʻomākaukau

Nā Alanui Phosgenation Kuʻuna
2,4 - Alanui Amino Toluene: Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka 2,4 - amino toluene a hoʻoheheʻe iā ia i loko o ka chlorobenzene. A laila hoʻopili ʻia kēia hopena me ka phosgene ma ke kaʻina hana ʻelua ʻanuʻu. ʻO ka mea mua, hana ʻia kahi hopena haʻahaʻa i loko o ka pae mahana o 35 - 45 ℃. Ma hope iho, hana ʻia kahi hopena wela kiʻekiʻe ma nā mahana ma lalo o 130 ℃. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā hopena, hoʻokomo ʻia ke kinoea nitrogen e kipaku aku i kekahi hydrogen chloride i hana ʻole ʻia a me ka phosgene keu. A laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka chlorobenzene, a ʻo ka hana hope loa e pili ana i ka distillation vacuum e loaʻa ai ka TDI maʻemaʻe.
Ala Nitro Toluene: Ma kēia ʻano hana, ua nitrate mua ʻia ka nitro toluene a laila hoʻemi ʻia e loaʻa ai ka 2,4 - diaminotoluene. A laila ua hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mea waena i ka phosgenation, kahi e pane ai me ka phosgene e hana i ka TDI. A laila hana ʻia ka hui hopena e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka huahana TDI.
Nā Hana ʻē aʻe e kū mai ana
Nā Alanui ʻAʻole Phosgene: I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu nui ka manaʻo ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano hana non-phosgene e hana i ka TDI i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka phosgene. No ka laʻana, ke noiʻi nei kekahi mau noiʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā reagents ʻē aʻe a me nā kūlana hopena e hana i ka TDI me ka ʻole o ka pono no ka phosgene. Eia nō naʻe, aia nō kēia mau ʻano hana i ke kahua hoʻomohala a ʻaʻole i hoʻokō i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana kalepa ākea.

Nā Mālama

Nā Pōʻino Ola: He pilikia nui ka mahu TDI i ke olakino kanaka. He mea hoʻonāukiuki loa ia i nā maka, ka ʻili, a me ke ala hanu. ʻO ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi, me nā pilikia hanu e like me ka bronchitis, nā hōʻailona e like me ka hānō, a i kekahi mau hihia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi e like me ka bronchiectasis a me ka maʻi puʻuwai pulmonary. No ka laʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻiole i hōʻike ʻia i nā ʻano ma ka pae o (0.5 - 1) × 10⁻⁶ no 6 mau hola i ka lā, ma luna o 5 - 10 mau lā, ua hāʻule i nā hopena ʻawahia. I loko o ke kanaka, ʻo ka hanu ʻana i nā ʻano haʻahaʻa e like me 0.0005mg/L hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻū nui a me ka pōkole o ka hanu.

Nā Pōʻino o ka Flammability a me ka Pahū: He wai lapalapa ka TDI, a hiki i kona mahu ke hana i nā hui pahū me ka ea. Ke hōʻike ʻia i nā lapalapa ahi, nā huna ahi, a i ʻole ka wela nui, aia kahi pilikia nui o ke kuni ʻana a me ka pahū ʻana. No laila, he mea nui nā kaʻina hana mālama a me ka lawelawe kūpono e pale aku i ia mau pōʻino.
Ka Mālama ʻana a me ka Lawelawe ʻana: Pono e mālama ʻia ʻo TDI i loko o kahi hale waihona meaʻai anuanu a maikaʻi ka ea, kahi e kaʻawale ai mai ka lā pololei, nā kumu wela, a me nā kumu hoʻā. Pono e sila pono ʻia nā ipu mālama e pale aku i ka mahu e kahe ana. Ma muli o kona pane ʻana me ka wai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e mālama ʻia ma kahi kaʻawale mai nā mea i hiki ke pane pū me ia, e like me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe oxidizing. I ka wā e lawelawe ai, pono e ʻaʻahu ʻia nā lako palekana pilikino kūpono, me nā mīkina lima pale kemika, nā maka aniani palekana, a me ka pale hanu, e hōʻemi i nā pilikia pili.

Nā kikoʻī

Palapala Mana Kūlana