ʻO Glyphosate: He Kemika Mahiʻai i Hoʻohana Nui ʻia a Koʻikoʻi hoʻi
Nā Kahua Noi Nui
I ka mahiʻai, ʻo ka glyphosate kahi herbicide kihi. Hana ia ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka enzyme 5 - enolpyruvylshikimate - 3 - phosphate synthase (EPSPS) i loko o nā mea kanu. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia enzyme no ka hana ʻana o nā waikawa amino ʻala, he mea nui ia no ka ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. Ma ke kāohi ʻana i kēia enzyme, hoʻopilikia ka glyphosate i nā kaʻina hana metabolic maʻamau o nā nāhelehele, e alakaʻi ana i ko lākou mae mālie a me ka make. ʻO kona ʻano systemic e hiki ai ke omo ʻia e nā lau a lawe ʻia ma loko o ka mea kanu, e pepehi pono ana i nā ʻāpana ma luna o ka honua a me lalo o ka honua o ka nāhelehele, me nā aʻa. ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai i mea kūpono loa no ka kaohi ʻana i nā nāhelehele mau loa i paʻakikī ke hoʻopau.
He kūpono ka Glyphosate me nā ʻōnaehana mea kanu like ʻole. I nā mea kanu i hoʻololi ʻia i ka genetically (GM) i hana ʻia e hoʻomanawanui i ka glyphosate, e like me ka soybeans, kulina, a me ka pulupulu, hiki ke pīpī pololei ʻia ma luna o nā mea kanu e ulu ana e kāohi i nā nāhelehele me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka mea kanu ponoʻī. Ua hoʻololi kēia i nā hana mahiʻai, e ʻae ana i ka kaohi ʻana i ka nāhelehele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka nui, e hōʻemi ana i ka pono no ka mahi ʻana i ka mīkini a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻino o ka lepo. Eia kekahi, i nā mea kanu ʻaʻole GM, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka glyphosate no ka kaohi ʻana i ka nāhelehele ma mua o ke kanu ʻana a i ʻole ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, e hoʻomākaukau ana i ka lepo no ka lūlū ʻana a i ʻole e hōʻoia i ka noho ʻole ʻana o nā wahi i ʻohi ʻia me ka nahelehele ʻole.
Ma waho aʻe o ka mahiʻai, loaʻa pū ka glyphosate i nā wahi i kanu ʻole ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e kāohi i nā nāhelehele ma nā wahi ʻoihana, nā alanui, nā ʻaoʻao kaʻaahi, a puni nā hale hana pono. Ma ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau wahi me ka ʻole o nā mea kanu i makemake ʻole ʻia, kōkua ia i ka mālama ʻana i nā pono hana, hoʻēmi i nā pōʻino ahi, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palekana.
ʻOiai kona mau pono he nui, ua lilo ka glyphosate i kumuhana o kekahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Ua hāpai ʻia nā hopohopo e pili ana i kona hopena i ke kaiapuni a me ke olakino kanaka. Ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i nā pilina hiki ke pili i kekahi mau pilikia olakino, ʻoiai ua māhelehele ʻia ka manaʻo ʻepekema ma kēia mau mea. ʻO ka hopena, ua nānā pono nā luna hoʻoponopono a puni ka honua i kona hoʻohana ʻana, e hoʻokō ana i nā lula koʻikoʻi ma kāna mau helu noi, nā hana palekana, a me nā koi lepili.
I ka mālama ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia ka glyphosate ma kahi maloʻo a anuanu, kahi ʻē aʻe mai ka lā pololei a me nā mea kūpono ʻole. I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka glyphosate, pono e ʻaʻahu i nā lako palekana pilikino kūpono, e like me nā mīkina lima, nā goggles, a me nā lole pale, e pale aku i ka ʻike ʻia. Eia kekahi, he mea nui ka hoʻolei pono ʻana i kekahi huahana a i ʻole ka ʻōpala i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia e pale aku i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni.
Nā kikoʻī
| Inoa Huahana | Glyphosate | |||||||||
| Formula Kemika | C₃H₈NO₅P | |||||||||
| Kaumaha Molekala | 169.07 | |||||||||
| helehelena | nā pauka keʻokeʻo | |||||||||
| Kiko Heheʻe | 230°C | |||||||||
| Ka nui o ka paʻa | 1.747 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| Helu Kūʻai | 1071 - 83 - 6 | |||||||||
| Kaʻina HS | 29319000.9 | |||||||||
| ʻAʻohe EINECS | 213 - 997 - 4 | |||||||||
| Noi | Kaohi ʻana i ka nāhelehele mahiʻai, ka mālama ʻana i ka nāhelehele ʻāina i mahi ʻole ʻia | |||||||||
Palapala Mana Kūlana
| Inoa Huahana | Glyphosate | ||||||
| MEA | KA WAIWAI MAʻAMAU（%） | KA WAIWAI HOʻĀʻO（%） | |||||
| ʻĀpana nuipa glyphosate % | ≥95.0 | 95.60% | |||||
| ʻĀpana nuipa Formaldehyde g/kg | ≤1.2 | 0.2 | |||||
| Mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia ka sodium hydroxide g/kg | ≤0.2 | 0.1 | |||||
| ʻĀpana nuipaʻa Nitrosoglyphosate mg/kg | ≤1.0 | 0.30% | |||||
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻoiai ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau nei e pili ana i kona hoʻohana ʻana, he kemika koʻikoʻi mau ka glyphosate i ka mahiʻai hou a me ka mālama ʻana i nā nāhelehele ʻaʻole i kanu ʻia. ʻO kona pono, ka versatility, a me ka hopena i ka pono o ka mahiʻai ua lilo ia i mea kōkua nui i ka hana ʻai honua. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi a me ka ulu ʻana o nā lula, ʻo ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka glyphosate e pili ana i kahi kaulike ma waena o kona mau pono a me nā hana e hoʻoponopono ai i nā hopohopo e pili ana.