Polyols: Nā Mea Maka Multi-Purpose no nā Hana ʻOihana a me nā Mea kūʻai aku
Nā Kahua Noi Nui
I loko o ka ʻoihana kemika, ʻo nā polyols nā mea maka koʻikoʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe e like me polyesters, polyethers, a me polyurethanes. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka ethylene glycol e hana i ka polyethylene terephthalate (PET), i hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o nā ʻōmole plastik a me nā olonā. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Polyethylene glycol (PEG) e hana i nā surfactants a me nā lubricants like ʻole. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā polyols ke hana ma ke ʻano he solvents e hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻano hui organik like ʻole, e hoʻonui ana i ka pono o ka hopena.
I ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā polyols ma ke ʻano he solvents, plasticizers, a me humectants. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka propylene glycol a me ka glycerol i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā injections, nā wai waha, a me nā poni e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka solubility a me ke kūpaʻa o ka lāʻau. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols e hana i nā ʻano lāʻau hoʻokuʻu i kāohi ʻia, e hoʻoponopono ana i ka helu hoʻokuʻu o nā lāʻau.
I ka ʻoihana meaʻai, hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols ma ke ʻano he mea ʻono, humectants, a me nā emulsifiers. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka glycerol a me ka polyethylene glycol i ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻono, nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, a me nā mea inu, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻono a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka makū. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols e hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano a me ka ʻono o ka waha o ka meaʻai, e hoʻolōʻihi ana i kona ola papa.
I loko o ka ʻoihana hoʻonani a me ka mālama ʻili, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā polyols ma ke ʻano he humectants a me emulsifiers. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka propylene glycol a me ka glycerol ke omo i ka makū, e mālama ana i ka ʻili a me ka lauoho i ka hydrated. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols i ka hana ʻana i nā sunscreens, shampoos, a me nā conditioners, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena moisturizing a me ka lubricating.
I loko o ka ʻoihana plastik, hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols e like me nā plasticizers e hoʻonui i ka maʻalahi a me ka hiki ke hana ʻia o nā plastik. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka glycerol a me ka polyethylene glycol e like me nā plasticizers no ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC), e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i kona maʻalahi a me ke kūpaʻa. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols e hana i nā plastik biodegradable, e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni.
I loko o ka ʻoihana uhi a me nā ʻīnika, hoʻohana ʻia nā polyols ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe a me nā emulsifiers. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻano resins a me nā pigments, e hāʻawi ana i nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka polyethylene glycol e hana i nā uhi a me nā ʻīnika wai, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena pili i ke kaiapuni a me ka pono.
Nā kikoʻī
| Inoa Huahana | Nā Polyols Polyester | |||||||||
| helehelena | Wai paʻa a ʻaʻohe kala a melemele māmā | |||||||||
| Kaumaha Molekala | 500-5000 g/mol | |||||||||
| Kikowaena paila | >200 | |||||||||
| Maʻemaʻe | 98%,99.5% | |||||||||
| Ka nui o ka paʻa | 1.10-1.15 | |||||||||
| Kaʻina HS | 3907910000 | |||||||||
| Noi | Nā uhi polyurethane, nā ʻīnika; nā kapuaʻi kāmaʻa, nā sila, nā kaila | |||||||||
Palapala Mana Kūlana
| Inoa Huahana | Nā Polyols Polyester | ||||||
| MEA | Kūlana Maʻamau | Hopena | |||||
| Chroma(APHA) | ≤30 | 11 | |||||
| Ka mānoanoa ma 25 ℃ (mPas) | 1100-1500 | 1296 | |||||
| Ka nui o ka wai (%) | ≤0.08 | 0.017 | |||||
| Ka Waiwai Hydroxyl (mgKOH/g) | 32.5-35.5 | 34.2 | |||||
| Ka Waiwai ʻAkika (meKOH/s) | ≤0.08 | 0.029 | |||||
| Ka Waiwai pH | 5.0-7.5 | 6.7 | |||||
| K+(mg/kg) | ≤5 | 1.0 | |||||
| Hopena | Kūpono | ||||||
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻo nā polyols, ma ke ʻano he mau mea maka kemika organik koʻikoʻi, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ia i nā ʻoihana he nui. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻonui wale i ka hana a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana akā kākoʻo pū kekahi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana hou. Me ka holomua mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana, e ʻoi aku ka laulā o nā manaʻolana noi no nā polyols.